Author: deborah

Propaganda posters in WW2

These are interesting. Here is a Japanese poster warning Aussie soldiers that the Americans were stealing their girls:

Apparently the Germans produced the one below, because it mentions El Alamein. At least a ‘jolly good time’ was less threatening than ‘Australia screams’. But what is that odd creature at the top of the pamphlet? A rat of Tobruk? It looks more like a platypus to me. I know that they’re uniquely Australian creatures, but hardly the universal image of Australia. Hadn’t the Nazis heard of kangaroos? Or emus? Or thought even to look at our coat of arms?

This one is directed at the US troops – who presumably might otherwise mistake a Digger for a Japanese soldier!

This is an Aussie-UK friendship poster. Is it just me, or is that English bulldog a bit scrawney compared with the boxing kangaroo? And the kangaroo and dog seem so happy – look at the dog’s tail wag as he gets in a bite where it really hurts!

This was to remind housewives not to waste food:

Women’s work – how we helped to win the war


The war meant that for the first time in Australia women were being asked to do ‘a man’s job’, either in the services or in industry. More women entered the workforce than had been there before. The women who took on jobs that had previously been available to men only were able to earn all or nearly all the male rate for these ‘men’s jobs’. But if the new women workers went into traditionally female areas, then the wage was typically 54 per cent of the male rate – though by the end of the war was closer to 70 per cent.

Women who entered the services were also paid at a far lower rate than their male counterparts doing exactly the same job, and these jobs disappeared at the end of the war.

The experience of work in the war years had a profoundly liberating effect on many women. Many felt it was the happiest time of their lives. And many sought jobs after the war that would continue this independence and liberation. But society dictated that a woman’s place was best in the home, and most were happy to return to normal domestic life.

This post is for the unsung heroines – doing so-called men’s work and doing it brilliantly!

Australian nurses in world war 2

There’s a photographic exibit at the Australian War Memorial at present about nurses. I thought I’d share some of the images from that and from the general collection, because they are so interesting.

Nurses in war have always fascinated me. I got a book of ‘Heroines’ for my tenth birthday and many of those women seemed to have been war-time nurses. Even then, I was fascinated by what women did in world war 2. I remember loving ‘Cherry Ames, Army Nurse’ which I read at primary school. Cherry was sent to a pacific island and nursed wounded soldiers and helped to evacuate them, while solving mysteries in her spare time. Of course, Cherry Ames was much better at solving mysteries than any mere male, even a doctor!

I was aware that Australian nurses also went overseas and suffered and cared for those who fought. I remember watching the Anzac Day parades with my mother and younger brother every year on the television. There was always an especially big cheer for a rather stout, older woman. When we asked why, Mum said, ‘That’s Vivian Bullwinkle’ as if she was famous. Mum explained that the woman who was marching there had been the only survivor of a massacre of Australian nurses by the Japanese (the Banka Island Massacre, when the Japanese killed 21 of her fellow nurses on Radji Beach, Bangka Island (Indonesia) on 16 February 1942). All her friends had died around her, and she had survived by pretending to be dead until the Japanese left. And so Vivian Bullwinkle entered into my imagination as a heroine and a survivor of unimaginable horror.

Here’s a photo of Vivian in 1940:

Australian nurses were sent first to the Middle East. This is at my very own University of Western Australia, in 1940 and shows nurses and soldiers looking around prior to embarkation for the Middle East.

Mind you, the accommodation on the ship wasn’t too bad for nurses. Apparently it was rather dire for the ordinary enlisted men, but the officers and nurses got the best quarters.
On the ship the quarters weren't that bad!
And then the war with Japan began and we were fighting for Australia itself. The troops were recalled and the nurses came too. They came to field hospitals like this. Note the dirt floors.

In tent wards like this.

Or they nursed the survivors of the air raid on Darwin:

Mind you, there was still time to try to look beautiful:

But too many girls died, or suffered appallingly. This poster depicts the Hospital ship, ‘Centaur’ being attacked by the Japanese off the coast of Queensland. In the water below the ship are a number of nurses and sailors from the ship. The sinking of H S Centaur took place off the Queensland coast on 14 May 1943 and 268 lives were lost, including 11 out of 12 nurses. The poster depicts moments after the ship was torpedoed; it sank in just three minutes.

It’s now 1945. These Australian nurses are recovering from malnutrition after spending three and a half years as prisoners of the Japanese in Sumatra. And yet, they were still able to flirt with a handsome Aussie soldier! Go girls.

Rationing in World War 2 Australia

Hi everyone
My book, A Stranger in My Street, is officially out in June, but there will be copies in the bookstores in mid-May! Apparently the orders from the bookshops have been healthy, so the print run is reasonable.
My agent, Sheila Drummond, is currently at the London Book Fair, trying to sell publishing rights in England, Europe and the US.
I’m having a photo shoot on the weekend for the newspaper articles that my publicist, Jace, has set up. I bought a new outfit for it on Saturday. I’m booked to talk at a library and at an Arts Centre. I’ll be what is charmingly called, a ‘media-whore’.
It’s slightly daunting, but, hey – life is change and challenges. So it’s also exciting…

 

I thought I’d talk about rationing in Australia in World War 2. For the first time, Australia actually felt threatened, and it went into War Mode very quickly. People really pulled together because of the perceived threat from Japan.

(For more information please see: https://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/homefront/rationing/)

 

Rationing regulations for food and clothing were gazetted on 14 May 1942 . The goverment wanted to curb inflation, reduce total consumer spending, and limit potential shortages of essential goods, as in Britain,  by trying to ensure that there was an equitable distribution of food and clothing. Australians might have felt aggrieved, but they were never as short of food nor indeed, rationed as heavily, as civilians in the United Kingdom. In Australia we limited rationing  to clothing, tea, sugar, butter, and meat (although from time to time, eggs and milk were also rationed under a system of priority, so that it only went to those who really needed it during periods of shortage). As in Britain, all Australians were allocated coupons, which had to be traded for the rationed item.

This could create problems if the ration books never reached their targets: in WA in 1943 some ration books were stolen. It appears that there may have been a black market in the books:

http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/46758949?searchTerm=ration%20books%20stolen%20Shenton%20Park&searchLimits=

It was actually rather healthy, the lack of excess that came with rationing. In Australia, the weekly food ration was:

Meat 900g
Butter 225g
Sugar 450g
Tea 90g

On beef-less days it was an offence to buy, sell or eat beef. On 29 December 1943, The Brisbane Telegraph printed a recipe for mock sausages:
Take one cupful of breadcrumbs, one cupful of cooked potatoes, one cupful of oatmeal porridge. salt and pepper to taste, half a finely chopped onion, and a small quantity of sage. Mix together, roll in flour into .the shape of a sausage, then fry in boiling fat until crisp and brown.
Yum!! See: http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/186848354?searchTerm=mock%20sausages&searchLimits=l-decade=194
What is really interesting is how long rationing went on for after the war ended:

Item Date gazetted Date abolished Quantity per adult
Clothing 12 June 1942 24 June 1948 112 coupons per year
Tea 6 July 1942 July 1950 lb per 5 weeks
Sugar 29 August 1942 3 July 1947 2 lb per fortnight
Butter 7 June 1943 June 1950 1 lb per fortnight
Meat 14 January 1944 24 June 1948 2 lbs per week

Ending rationing was one of the promises of the Menzies Liberal Party – and it won power by a landslide in 1949!

Chocolate was available only if you knew an American, because:

 


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